| | | Welcome to the 25th edition of the Better Internet for Kids (BIK) bulletin. This quarterly bulletin aims to keep you informed of safer and better internet issues and opportunities across Europe and beyond. In each edition, we'll bring you a mix of news, research and resources from many of the key stakeholders in keeping children and young people safe online, be they European Safer Internet Centres (SICs), research organisations, industry partners, policy makers or experts in the field. In each edition of the BIK bulletin, we look at a topical issue – in this edition, we consider age-appropriate design with youth. Involving children and young people in matters that affect them – giving them meaningful involvement and a voice – should never be considered as optional: they are fundamental rights, which should apply equally offline and online. Online service providers should therefore actively seek ways to enable the voice of their younger users in shaping the service to meet their needs and serve the best interests of children. The Youth Pledge for a Better Internet has aimed to do just this over the course of the last year – find out more about its aims and outcomes in our focus article. Also in this edition, learn about a whole range of new political commitments to further support the digital rights and digital well-being of children and young people with the launch of the European Commission's proposal for a Digital Decade and a new EU Strategy on the Rights of the Child, while the United Nations have recently adopted General Comment No 25 on children's rights in relation to the digital environment. If you would like to forward this newsletter to a friend or a colleague, please do so using the link at the top of this message or encourage them to subscribe to receive future editions direct. And, if you have any comments on this resource, or would like to contribute to a future edition of the BIK bulletin, please contact us. | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | About the Better Internet for Kids Project | | | | | | | | | | | | Under the Connecting Europe Facility (CEF), the European Commission (EC) is co-funding a range of better/safer internet services, both at the European and the national level. Building on the European Strategy for a Better Internet for Children as published in 2012, the BIK core service platform aims to bring together European stakeholders in the field to work collaboratively in achieving the goal of a better internet for all. This bulletin is just one of a range of tools and services provided. Keep following us across all BIK communication channels - see links in the footer of this email. | | | | | | | | FOCUS ON | | AGE-APPropriate DESIGn WITH YOUTH | | | | | | | Online services and technology offer many opportunities for children and young people to communicate, find information, be entertained and develop their digital skills. However, many online services used by young people were never designed with them as the core audience. The current generations of children online are those belonging to Generation Z (born between 1995 and 2010) and Generation Alpha (born since 2010). Research by McCrindle from 2019 suggests that these generations are very different to previous generations of children in terms of leadership models and learning styles, with a preference for collaboration and multi-modal working, including virtually. Consequently, today's children and young people have a natural desire to work in collaboration with others and have lived most (if not all) of their lives in a world of connected technologies and digital services. They can bring a unique perspective to the development of digital products and services, both present and future. They also have a strong desire to be involved in the process of creating and shaping the online services that affect their daily lives. Enabling youth participation to shape the digital future is of paramount importance, as Lili, a BIK Youth Ambassador from Austria, emphasises: "Youth participation should not be a choice, but a must. Today's decision-makers, some of whom have grown up without a hint of digitisation, are shaping the future of today's youth without listening to their ideas, wishes and plans. The future is being led by people who do not understand and live our new worldview. Only the right mix of generations can shape the future as we all imagine it to be." Involving children and young people in matters that affect them, giving them meaningful involvement and a voice should never be considered as optional: they are fundamental rights, laid out in both the UN Convention on the Rights of the Child (article 12) and the EU Charter of Fundamental Human Rights (article 24). More recently, the European Commission's proposal for a Digital Decade and the new EU Strategy on the Rights of the Child, and the General Comment No 25 on children's rights in relation to the digital environment from the United Nations Committee on the Rights of the Child, all published in the course of March 2021, have placed a further spotlight on these rights. Therefore, online service providers should actively look for ways to enable the voices of their younger users in shaping the service to meet their needs and serve the best interests of children. What is meaningful youth participation? The Lundy Model of Participation (2007) developed by Laura Lundy, Professor of international children's rights at the School of Education at the Queen's University of Belfast, provides a way to enable meaningful participation with youth. It is intended to focus decision-makers on four distinct factors while also recognising the relationship between these factors and their chronological order. Figure 1. The Lundy Model of Participation as included in Ireland's National Strategy on Children and Young People's Participation in Decision-Making 2015-2020 (Department of Children and Youth Affairs, 2015) In chronological order, these factors are: - Space: Meaningful engagement of children and young people in decision making requires a safe and inclusive space in which they are encouraged to express their views.
- Voice: Children and young people must be supported to express their views, often through access to child-friendly documentation and information.
- Audience: Children and young people's views must be listened to and they must have the opportunity to communicate their views to an individual or body with a responsibility to listen.
- Influence: Children and young people's views must not only be listened to but also taken seriously. They should be told what decision was made, how their views were regarded, and the reasons why action has proceeded in a certain way.
Using youth participation in age-appropriate design For Safer Internet Day (SID) 2020, a high-level European Commission event was held in Brussels to launch the Youth Pledge for a Better Internet initiative, focusing on how to make online platforms and services more age appropriate for children and young people. The BIK Youth Ambassadors involved in the initiative identified data privacy and protection as a key focus. As part of this initiative, they encouraged industry members of the Alliance to better protect minors online to work with young people through the #Pledge2Youth challenge to improve current data privacy policies and practices and consider age-appropriate design. Six Alliance industry members took part in the #Pledge2Youth challenge: Facebook/TTC Labs, the LEGO Group, Samsung, Sulake, SUPER RTL and Twitter. The focus, aims and methodology of the six challenges are briefly summarised below: - Facebook/TTC Labs: Focused on transparency and control, age-appropriate safeguards, and age verification. The aims were to make data policies and privacy controls easier to understand, strengthen privacy for young people and explore fair and balanced age verification systems. These areas were explored through Design Jam one-day events, virtual global roundtables and the Facebook Youth Ambassador programme.
- The LEGO Group: Focused on the communication of data protection and privacy protection policies. The aims were to identify the best ways to communicate privacy policies and procedures to young people and how to empower users to make positive decisions around privacy. These areas were explored through in-home qualitative research with parents/carers and children, and comprehension and co-creation sessions. The LEGO Group adopted a child-centric approach throughout its work.
- Samsung: Focused on privacy settings on Samsung devices, awareness of online safety risks in young people and the well-being of Samsung device users. The aims were to help parents/carers and young people understand Samsung device privacy settings and to raise awareness of online safety issues such as fake news, negative online behaviour and digital well-being. These areas were explored through a combination of offline and online workshops and the use of local education partners in four target countries to enable access to a range of children and young people.
- Sulake: Focused on users' understanding of terms and conditions (T&Cs), and the visibility of these on Sulake services such as Habbo and Hotel Hideaway. The aims were to empower users to make informed decisions by increasing the transparency and visibility of the T&Cs, as well as to consider ways to both simplify the T&Cs and increase user engagement with them. These areas were explored though co-creation sessions within the Habbo game environment.
- SUPER RTL: Focused on users' understanding of data collection, giving consent for data collection and the level of parental involvement in data collection decisions. The aims were to discover what children understand about data collection and data protection, and to explore ways to redesign the TOGGO Radio consent form to aid understanding and accessibility. These areas were explored through SUPER RTL's UX Labs where children were consulted frequently at all stages of the design process.
- Twitter: Focused on developing media literacy and digital empathy in Twitter users, including young people. The aims were to design and run campaigns to raise awareness around media literacy and digital empathy and to empower young people to develop critical thinking skills and digital resilience. These areas were explored through training sessions and monthly online discussions with BIK Youth Ambassadors and awareness sessions with young people.
What were the outcomes? The collaboration between Alliance industry members and BIK Youth Ambassadors resulted in a range of different consultation styles. Due to the restrictions imposed in many countries as a response to the COVID-19 pandemic, many consultation sessions and workshops ended up taking place online. Despite these restrictions, Alliance industry members were able to create safe and engaging spaces for young people to share their views. Hadia, a BIK Youth Ambassador from the UK, found the safe space created by Facebook to be extremely beneficial: "The roundtable offered an open dialogue where I felt comfortable to discuss concerns pertaining to digital safeguarding and literacy; it was an invaluable insight to listen to experts and understand the process of decision making in policies that directly impact the youth." Alongside a safe space, some members provided training or workshops to support young people to build their capacity to have a voice and express opinions about products and services. Racquel Alvarez, Customer Experience & User Safety Director at Sulake, found the process of working with youth to be enjoyable, as well as valuable: "As well as being funny and creative, the direct, inclusive, team-based approach of the young people I worked with was extremely refreshing. The experience has given my team and I real insight into how our products can better serve the needs of our players." All of the participating Alliance industry members worked directly with the BIK Youth Ambassadors; there was no use of any third-party research companies or organisations. Therefore, all of the youth participation activities provided a suitable audience for young people to express their views to. Some Alliance members found that the results of their youth participation process actually gave them greater insight into other users of their products and services, as Francesco Falco, CSR Regional Manager at Samsung explains: "Working with young people gave us precious insights on how they perceive the involvement of parents and carers in their digital lives. They don't want to be controlled but rather establish an open dialogue with adults and receive support when they are facing issues." Of the four key areas of Lundy's Model of Participation, influence is the hardest to appraise in the youth participation activities that took place. Some Alliance members (such as Sulake and The LEGO Group) have very close relationships with their engaged and impassioned user bases and therefore may be able to adapt their products and services effectively to meet the needs of those particular users. SUPER RTL has an established model for engaging with children through their design process and can assess the impact at each stage. Other services, such as Twitter and Facebook, have a much wider user base that consists of young people, as well as a wide range of adults; Facebook users aged 13-17 actually make up less than 6 per cent of the total user base on the Facebook platform. Any changes made to these services to benefit young people would also be weighed up against the impact on adult users, although it is hoped that what is of benefit to younger users would be of benefit to all users, particularly regarding safety. A further online event on the occasion on Safer Internet Day 2021 provided an opportunity to review progress made on the Youth Pledge initiative over the course of the year. Youth participation at the Safer Internet Forum 2020 Alongside the #Pledge2Youth challenges, the BIK Youth Panel 2020 also worked in six small groups to consider key issues around the internet, particularly issues around access, disabilities, equality and ethics. Each group created a short film to highlight their thoughts and opinions around their chosen issue, alongside tips for young people and recommendations for change. While these activities did not take place in collaboration with industry, the breadth of issues covered in the films serve as a timely reminder to all key stakeholders (such as policy makers, tech companies, non-governmental organisations and academia) that there are issues other than general online safety and privacy that young people have concerns about. These inspiring films can be viewed on YouTube. The BIK Youth panellists presented these short films at both a separate side event with members of the Alliance to better protect minors online and during a side event at the Safer Internet Forum (SIF) 2020, held virtually due to pandemic restrictions. On both occasions, young people were able to express their views and opinions to Alliance industry members, as well as pose key questions to members about how their services could be adapted to better meet the needs of youth. Other considerations for meaningful youth participation The activities between Alliance industry members and BIK Youth Ambassadors highlight the immense benefits and opportunities that engaging in meaningful youth participation can bring to the tech and internet industry in shaping their products and services, not only to further meet the needs of their youth users but to benefit the entire user base. However, this process does not happen naturally – it requires clear planning, direction and execution to ensure that the involvement of children and young people is meaningful. Success relies on strategic thinking in both the short term and long term, as well as carefully-considered communication to ensure that children and young people can actively participate and understand the impact of their participation. Representation is another key area of consideration – finding ways to work with young people who reflect an online service's user base will result in better outcomes for all users. There may be challenges around accessibility (such as additional needs or disabilities) that need to be overcome to enable young people to meaningfully contribute and be heard. It is also important to move away from the mindset of "it's too difficult/complicated/expensive" when considering how to adapt products and services to meet the needs of young people. There will always be limitations on what can be achieved, but maintaining a positive optimistic approach ensures that young people feel that they and their input are valued, and that the lines of communication and collaboration remain open for the future. Further information on the collaboration between members of the Alliance to better protect minors online and BIK Youth Ambassadors is available in a best-practice guideline titled Age-appropriate design with youth, including more extensive case studies from the industry participants. Additionally, the Better Internet for Kids (BIK) platform provides up-to-date information and advice for everything related to children and young people's online safety and well-being, in Europe and beyond. | | | | | | | | | INSAFE HELPLINES | | COVID-19 CHALLENGES CONTINUE | | | | | | | The Insafe network of helplines collects data about the types of calls received and this is analysed every three months to look at trends, and new and emerging issues. The most recent helpline data covers the period from October to December 2020 inclusive, and also provides some comparisons between 2020 and 2019 in order to assess the impact of COVID-19. As we move into 2021, the pandemic is still very much with us but at different stages across the network. A recent meeting of helplines found that, while some countries were beginning to emerge from lockdown, others were preparing to enter another period of more significant restrictions. During this reporting period, the helpline network received almost 16,000 contacts which were related to online issues. This was a 16 per cent increase from the previous reporting period. During 2020, there has been an overall upward trend, with more calls during this year than any other when data has been collected. The previous reporting period in 2020 (July-September) saw a decrease in calls, which follows the trend of previous years and accounts for the school holiday period. Looking at the overall total contacts for 2019 and 2020, there was a 31 per cent increase in 2020. Many helplines spoke about calls from children and young people who were struggling with the effects of the pandemic, and more specifically of lockdowns. Struggles with online learning, time spent online, and the usual assortment of online safety related issues have been discussed. Some helplines have expressed concerns about what will happen once lockdowns are lifted and the longer-term consequences of increased screen time. | | | | | | | | | INHOPE HOTLINES | | Science of Reporting: INHOPE Focus Group | | | | | | | What if every member of the public knew what to do if they came across child sexual abuse material (CSAM) or suspected CSAM, the same way they know what to do and who to call if there is a fire? What if every member of the public reported online CSAM because they knew that an urgent response was needed and because they knew what to report and how? It has been predicted that there will be 6 billion internet users by 2022 and more than 7.5 billion internet users by 2030. As this number increases, it becomes vital for the public to be informed on how to report CSAM at their fingertips. The question, and the topic of INHOPE's 2021 Focus Group, was how to make that "what if" happen. With presentations from the European Commission, INHOPE member hotlines, NCMEC (National Center for Missing & Exploited Children), ICMEC (International Centre for Missing & Exploited Children), and six interactive break-out sessions, the key topics of discussions focused on the importance of reporting, the types of content being reported and the needs of public reporters. It also looked at how reporters can be reached through awareness-raising campaigns, and the opportunities and challenges of mandatory reporting by industry. | | | | | | | | | FREE ONLINE COURSE | | Digital literacy and online safety: How the pandemic tested our skills | | | | | | | Fake news, online fraud and other types of disinformation have flooded the internet, especially during COVID-19. Distinguishing true from false and useful from superfluous requires time and knowledge. To facilitate and guide you, the Better Internet for Kids (BIK) project is launching a free MOOC (massive open online course) called "Digital literacy and online safety: How the pandemic tested our skills", starting on Monday, 19 April 2021. Hosted on the European Schoolnet Academy, the course will provide participants with essential knowledge, tips and tools to handle a wide range of issues such as misinformation and disinformation, conspiracy theories, online scams (such as phishing, malware and ransomware), account security, online privacy, benefits and risks associated with livestreaming, and healthy online relationships among others. Moreover, the MOOC will enable participants to gain a better understanding of the risks and challenges that young people face when they go online. Along with the course moderators, participants will discuss strategies for supporting young people and helping them develop safe and responsible online and offline behaviours. The course is targeted at primary and secondary school teachers of any subject, although ICT administrators, school counsellors and parents may also benefit from the course. Find further information and register online at the European Schoolnet Academy. | | | | | | | | | | SHAPING POLICY and STRATEGY | | | | | | | Looking to the future with the Digital Decade | | | | In March 2021, the European Commission (EC) presented a vision and targets for a successful digital transformation of Europe by 2030. With the aim of making the coming years Europe's Digital Decade, and based around four cardinal points of a digital compass (skills, infrastructures, business and government), the EC proposes to develop a framework of digital rights and principles for European citizens. These include, among others, a secure and trusted online environment, protecting and empowering children and young people in the online space, and access to universal digital education and skills. The Commission will soon launch a wide-ranging consultation process, and we're keen to ensure that children and young people, and those that care and support them online, contribute to the discussion. Keep watching the Better Internet for Kids (BIK) social media channels (on Facebook and Twitter) in the coming months to get involved and have your say. | | | | | | | | | EU Strategy on the Rights of the Child | | | | Also in March 2021, the European Commission adopted the first comprehensive EU Strategy on the Rights of the Child. The strategy proposes a series of targeted actions across six thematic areas, each defining the priorities for EU action in the coming years, and further supported by the strengthening and mainstreaming of children's rights across all relevant EU policies. Of particular relevance within the Better Internet for Kids domain is Action 5. Pertaining to the digital and information society, the strategy advocates for the rights of children and young people to safely navigate the digital environment and harness its opportunities. In doing so, the Commission will update the European Strategy for a Better Internet for Children while the proposed Digital Services Act aims to provide a safe online experience. Equally within Action 5, ICT companies are urged to address harmful behaviour online and remove illegal content, among other provisions. We'll be reflecting on the priorities for the updated strategy in the coming months on the Better Internet for Kids (BIK) portal and associated social media channels (on Facebook and Twitter). Stay tuned for more. | | | | | | | | | General Comment No 25 on children's rights in relation to the digital environment | | | | Additionally, during March 2021, the UN Committee on the Rights of the Child officially launched General Comment No 25 on children's rights in relation to the digital environment. A General Comment is an authoritative document which sets out how the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child (UNCRC) should be interpreted and implemented. General Comment No 25 covers a broad range of issues pertaining to information, freedom and privacy online, and the protection of children from violence and risk of harm. It also makes provision for children with disabilities to ensure that they are able to join and participate in the digital world free from barriers to accessibility. Over 1,000 children were consulted during the drafting of the general comment, and contributed to a children's version In Our Own Words. A summary of young people's views can also be found in Our Rights in a Digital World. | | | | | | | | | YOUTH and INDUSTRY, working in partnership | | | | | | | Our year with the Youth Pledge | | | | As outlined in the focus article above, opportunities for young people to work with industry on shaping their digital experiences are key, and the Youth Pledge for a Better Internet initiative provided a good framework for achieving this. Launched by the European Commission on Safer Internet Day 2020 as a co-creation exercise between Better Internet for Kids (BIK) Youth Ambassadors and industry representatives from the Alliance to better protect minors online, participants reconvened online as part of the recent celebrations of Safer Internet Day 2021 to review progress made. BIK Youth Ambassadors Sina and Matej and Lili share their perspectives on its achievements. | | | | | | | | | | Empowering young people at the Twitter Youth Summit | | | | In February 2021, Twitter hosted an event for young people. Called the Twitter Youth Summit, the aim of the event was for Twitter to inform young people about how they can be empowered to have their voices heard on social media. Twitter also took the opportunity to hear from youth about problems they encounter online in three distinct areas, namely mental health, cyberbullying and equality, and environment and sustainability. Lorcan, member of the Webwise Youth Panel (part of the Irish Safer Internet Centre) and BIK Youth Ambassador, reflects on his participation in the event. | | | | | | | | | PUBLICATIONS | | | | | | | Better Internet for Kids annual report 2020 | | | | Last year was certainly a year like no other. The COVID-19 pandemic triggered wide-ranging transformations in the digital environment, both in terms of opportunities and risks. It showed us first-hand that digital technologies are an excellent medium to enable the greatest number of citizens – and especially children and young people – to find information, communicate, socialise, learn and play, often in ways that are not possible to the same extent in their non-digital lives. For many citizens, young and old, technology has provided a lifeline during the pandemic, offering a means to stay connected with family and friends, access services and provisions, and support their well-being and mental health. This report provides a summary of a multitude of stakeholder efforts to protect children and young people online over the past year within the framework of the European Commission's Better Internet for Kids (BIK) programme. | | | | | | | | | Better Internet for Kids best-practice guides | | | | One of the aims of the European Commission's Better Internet for Kids programme is to build capacity in Europe (and beyond) for creating safer and better online experiences for children and young people. One way of doing this is by sharing good practices developed through work within the context of the Insafe and INHOPE networks of Safer Internet Centres and other key stakeholders. As such, two best-practice guides have recently been published. As mentioned in the focus article above, the best-practice guideline on Age-appropriate design with youth explores ways to meaningfully engage with and involve young people in co-design processes for online services, and the rationale for adopting this approach. It highlights existing projects and provides case study examples, drawing especially on the recent Youth Pledge for a Better Internet initiative in which young people worked alongside industry members of the Alliance to better protect minors online to improve terms and conditions of use. The best-practice guideline on Children and young people with disabilities in an online world specifically explores the opportunities and challenges of creating an inclusive world for children and young people online, building on the themes discussed at the Safer Internet Forum 2020 and in the December 2020 edition of the BIK bulletin. It considers the roles of different stakeholders, policy responses, and the responsibility of industry for ensuring accessibility by design. Importantly, it again reflects on the importance of involving children and young people in co-creation processes. | | | | | | | | | RESOURCES and CAMPAIGNS | | | | | | | BIK resource gallery receives a boost on Safer Internet Day | | | | Over the years, Safer Internet Centres (SICs) across Europe have developed various educational resources aimed at helping teachers, parents and carers, and children and young people, to discover the online word safely and these are made available via the Better Internet for Kids (BIK) resource gallery. Many Safer Internet Centres launched new tools and resources for the recent edition of Safer Internet Day (SID). If you haven't checked out the gallery out for a while, take a look – with resources covering a range of topics, for a range of ages, in a range of languages, you're sure to find something new! | | | | | | | | | Czech resources scoop another award | | | | The #martyisdead series (which focuses on cyberbullying) and the documentary film Caught in the Net (which focuses on sexual predators on the internet) won the prestigious Czech Lion Award (Český lev). The recent announcement of the results of the 28th Czech Lion Awards brought awards for two films to which the Czech Safer Internet Centre (SIC) has contributed. | | | | | | | | | Online learning tips for children with attention deficit disorder | | | | The pandemic has accelerated the use of online learning for students but, while it has helped them continue the educational process, it has also created some challenges. According to online research conducted in Greece by the Department of Philosophy and Pedagogy of the Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, the biggest difficulties are related to the lack of equipment and poor connection of students. Other difficulties for students include the lack of live contact with classmates and teachers, the lack of digital skills of both themselves and teachers, and the difficulty of accessing asynchronous platforms. As such, 8 out of 10 students believe that these difficulties degraded the quality of the lesson. It is therefore easy to understand that for students with attention deficit disorder (ADD), distance learning can present an even greater challenge for them and their families. The Greek Safer Internet Centre (SIC) has created a supportive video resource. | | | | | | | | | | New Italian awareness-raising campaign: "If you are not of age, social networks can wait" | | | | The Italian Data Protection Authority (DPA) and Telefono Azzurro (the helpline component of the Italian Safer Internet Centre) are working together to protect children's rights in the digital environment with a new awareness-raising campaign aimed at highlighting minimum age requirements for the use of social networking sites. The campaign, rolling out on national TV, calls upon parents to actively supervise their children when accessing social networks, paying attention to age restrictions in particular. | | | | | | | | | | How to tackle online sexual harassment in your country or organisation | | | | A new guide and open-source resources for tackling online sexual harassment have been launched. Part of Project deSHAME, the toolkit was created to help countries and organisations run their own projects to tackle these issues by outlining a variety of steps that can be taken, and providing materials to support with research, piloting and evaluating. Project deSHAME aims to tackle peer-based online sexual harassment by empowering local communities to work together to increase reporting among young people. A collaboration between Childnet (UK), Kek Vonal (Hungary), Save the Children (Denmark) and UCLan (UK), and co-financed by the European Union, it aims to increase reporting of online sexual harassment among minors and improve multi-sector cooperation in preventing and responding to this behaviour. | | | | | | | | SAFER INTERNET DAY | | | | | | | Safer Internet Day 2021 was a great success | | | | Can you believe that yet another Safer Internet Day (SID) has been and gone? Last month, on Tuesday, 9 February 2021, we celebrated Safer Internet Day for the 18th time. This annual global celebration places a spotlight on the importance of a safer and better internet for all, and especially children and young people. While the ongoing restrictions posed by the coronavirus pandemic meant that celebrations looked a little different this year, the day was nonetheless a great success, reaching more countries than ever before. Check out our SID success articles to find out how various stakeholders marked the day. | | | | | | | | | | Save the date for Safer Internet Day 2022! | | | | Safer Internet Day (SID) 2021 may be over, but we've already started planning for the next! Be sure to save the date for Safer Internet Day 2022, taking place on Tuesday, 8 February 2022, when - once again - we'll join forces across the globe to work "Together for a better internet". Campaign activity will start in earnest from September 2021 onwards; stay tuned to future editions of the BIK bulletin for more, or like SID on Facebook and follow SID on Twitter for the latest news and updates. | | | | | |